![]() His student Alfons Grieder continued to promote Basel style drumming in North America for many years. The Basler Trommeln rudiments, in contrast to the Swiss Ordonnanz Trommel, are much more widely known and practiced outside of Switzerland due to Fritz Berger's publications, Das Basler Trommeln, Werden und Wesen and Instructor for Basle Drumming, and travels to the United States in the 1930s. Switzerland produced two distinct rudimental cultures, the wider Swiss Ordonnanz Trommel practiced in Zurich, Valais, and Geneva, and the Basel version or Basler Trommeln. Initially, Swiss rudiments were very influential to the French system, which in turn was the basis for many other rudimental systems. The first recorded instance of rudimental fife and drum refers to the Swiss military at the battle of Sempach in 1386. These drumming patterns became the basis of the snare drum rudiments. The sound of the tabor was used to set the tempo and communicate commands with distinct drumming patterns. The use of pikes in close formation required a great deal of coordination. The origin of snare drum rudiments can be traced back to Swiss mercenaries armed with long polearms. Encyclopedia Rudimentia defines a rudiment as a short pattern of strokes, using John Pratt's logic that "the rudiments of drumming are strokes," in reference to the four basic drum strokes. Camp Duty Update defines a drum rudiment as an excerpt from a military call with a definite rhythm, definite sticking, definite dynamic structure (accents), and a defined nomenclature. defines it as "the study of coordination." The Percussive Arts Society defines it as a particular method for learning the drums-beginning with rudiments, and gradually building up speed and complexity through practicing those rudiments. Rudimental drumming has something of a flexible definition, even within drumming societies devoted to that form of drumming. 4.1.3 Double stroke open roll rudiments.
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